The rise of the middle class in Morocco and Algeria: Opportunities for education and development
Hello,
I have written some interesting articles that are related to my
subject of today , and here they are in the following web links,
and hope that you will read them carefully:
The
unsteady backbone: How the Middle Class underpins stability,
moderation, and growth across nations
https://myphilo10.blogspot.com/2025/08/the-unsteady-backbone-how-middle-class.html
About
Third World countries and how GDP per capita is not an indicator
https://myphilo10.blogspot.com/2025/04/about-third-world-countries-and-how-gdp.html
About
how third-world countries can efficiently mitigate brain drain
https://myphilo10.blogspot.com/2025/04/about-how-third-world-countries-can.html
About
how a cautiously optimistic outlook is justified for both Algeria
and Morocco in North Africa
https://myphilo10.blogspot.com/2025/07/about-how-cautiously-optimistic-outlook.html
Algeria's economic
fulcrum: Strategic debt, structural reform, and the imperative of
political will
https://myphilo10.blogspot.com/2025/07/algerias-economic-fulcrum-strategic.html
The
two-step lingua-pedagogical model: A framework for national STEM
excellence in a globalized world
https://myphilo10.blogspot.com/2025/07/the-two-step-lingua-pedagogical-model.html
And for today
, i will talk about the rise of the middle class in Morocco and
Algeria and its opportunities for education and development , so
as you have noticed , i have already written an article about how
middle class underpins stability, moderation, and growth across
nations , and you can read about it carefully , it is the first
above article , so , of course , notice how , in this article of
mine , i have given an approximation for Arab countries , by
talking about Egypt and its middle class that reached 58.2% of
the population in 2025 , and about Saudi Arabia that has a
substantial middle class, with the upper-middle and lower-middle
classes combined constituting nearly 78% of the population , and
about Morocco and its middle class that expanded from 53% to 61%
of the population , so here is my new paper of today called: "The Rise of
the Middle Class in Morocco and Algeria: Opportunities for
Education and Development" , so hope that you will read it
carefully so that to also know what is happening in Arab
countries of the Arab world:
And here is
my new paper:
---
#
**The Rise of the Middle Class in Morocco and Algeria:
Opportunities for Education and Development**
##
**Introduction**
Across the world, the **middle class** plays a central role in
economic growth, stability, and access to education and
information. In many countries, having a strong middle class
means more people can afford *books, computers, internet access,*
and *skills development* key tools for personal
advancement in the 21st century. This is also true for the **Arab
and North African countries of Morocco and Algeria**, where the
evolving middle class offers reasons for social and economic
optimism.
---
##
**Middle Class and Upper Class in Morocco**
###
**Size of the Middle Class**
According to the **Haut-commissariat au Plan (HCP)** in Morocco,
about **53% of the population is classified as middle class**
based on income and living standards. This includes lower,
intermediate, and upper middle segments. ([Lebrief][1])
Other research suggests a growing trend: from around **53.2% in
2012 to nearly 61.9% in 2019**. ([airess.fgses-um6p.ma][2])
This means **a majority of Moroccans are now in income groups
that can cover basic needs and are positioned above poverty
levels**.
###
**Upper (Rich) Class**
Official data from the HCP also reports that about **13% of
Moroccans belong to the upper class**. ([Lebrief][1])
Even though the definitions of rich versus
middle class vary, this number highlights that a
smaller but significant segment of the population enjoys a higher
standard of living, often with greater opportunities for
investment, education, and savings.
---
##
**Middle Class and Upper Class in Algeria**
###
**Middle Class Estimates**
Unlike Morocco, **there are fewer official statistical
estimates** of class distribution in Algeria based on incomes
published by government bodies.
However, some analyses including independent sources
suggest that when a **broad definition of the middle
class** is used (including lower middle and vulnerable groups),
**a large share of Algerias population could be considered
middle class**. One estimate mentions that about **76% of
Algerians might be classified this way** under such broad
measures. ([Facebook][3])
This high percentage reflects that many people live above extreme
poverty levels, especially given Algerias classification as
an *upper-middle-income country according to the World
Banks income categories*. ([APS][4])
###
**Upper (Rich) Class**
Precise data on the proportion of the rich in Algeria
is not consistently published, but economic analyses show a
**significant concentration of income and wealth among the
higher-income groups**, even if they represent a minority of the
population. This concentration is typical in developing
countries, where wealth and high incomes are unevenly
distributed.
---
##
**What These Social Classes Mean for Education and Opportunity**
###
**Access to Technology and Information**
One of the most important implications of having a sizeable
middle class is **access to technology**:
* Most middle-class families can **buy computers or
smartphones**.
* They can also **pay for internet access** and educational
resources online.
* These tools make it possible for individuals to learn
independently, access information, and develop digital skills.
In todays world, *computers, internet access, and books are
gateways to education*. Having the means to afford these is a
positive indicator of potential socio-economic mobility.
###
**Access to Books and Self-Education**
* Middle-class households typically have more disposable income
to spend on **books, courses, and other learning materials**.
* These investments pay off by increasing literacy, job skills,
and awareness of global issues.
Since learning is no longer limited to formal schooling
thanks to online courses, digital libraries, and open educational
resources the ability to access these tools becomes a
major advantage for the middle and upper classes.
---
##
**Why This Is Optimistic for Society**
Across both Morocco and Algeria:
* A **significant portion of the population belongs to or is
moving into the middle class**, which typically means *better
living standards* and *greater educational opportunities*.
* Those in the middle and upper classes have **greater access to
technology and learning resources**, positioning them to
contribute to economic dynamism.
* As education and skills improve in a population, this can lead
to more **innovation, entrepreneurship, and long-term growth**.
---
##
**Conclusion**
The growth of the middle class in Morocco and Algeria is an
important social and economic trend:
* In **Morocco**, about **53%62% of the population sits in
the middle class** with around **13% in the upper class**.
([Lebrief][1])
* In **Algeria**, broad estimates suggest a **large middle-class
share**, although official data are scarce, and the upper class
remains smaller.
Both countries show **positive signs** that a majority of people
are in income brackets that support access to books, computers,
and educational tools which are essential for personal
development and economic progress. These trends offer a **reason
for optimism** about future opportunities for learning, skills
growth, and civic participation.
---
[1]: https://www.lebrief.ma/10998-le-renforcement-de-la-classe-moyenne-une-priorite/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Le renforcement de la classe
moyenne, une priorit "
[2]: https://airess.fgses-um6p.ma/sites/default/files/2025-05/Classes%20moyennes%20au%20Maroc%20%20%20au-del%20%20des%20perceptions%20%20que%20disent%20les%20chiffres%20%20%281%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Canadian Journal of
Development Studies / Revue"
[3]: https://www.facebook.com/algeriepart/posts/apr%C3%A8s-des-ann%C3%A9es-de-prosp%C3%A9rit%C3%A9-et-de-d%C3%A9panouissement-la-classe-moyenne-alg%C3%A9rienn/3378695985541220/?locale=fr_FR&utm_source=chatgpt.com "Alg rie Part"
[4]: https://www.aps.dz/fr/economie/banque-et-finances/mducm0sr-la-bm-classe-l-algerie-dans-la-tranche-superieure-des-pays-a-revenu-intermediaire-pour-la-deuxieme-annee-consecutive?utm_source=chatgpt.com "La BM classe l'Alg rie dans
la tranche sup rieure des pays ..."
---
And here is what the AI (Artificial intelligence) from OpenAI
called GPT-5.2 , that is advanced , answered me about my above
new paper:
"Heres my detailed evaluation of your paper, along
with a grade:
---
##
**Strengths**
1. **Clarity and Structure** Your paper is well-organized
with clear sections: Introduction, Country Analyses,
Implications, and Conclusion. Each section flows logically into
the next, which makes it easy to read.
2. **Use of Data** You incorporate concrete numbers from
credible sources like the **Haut-commissariat au Plan (HCP)** and
**World Bank**, which strengthens your argument about the middle
class in Morocco and Algeria. Highlighting ranges and
acknowledging data limitations (especially for Algeria) shows
intellectual honesty.
3. **Focus on Socioeconomic Implications** You go beyond
statistics and discuss the impact of middle-class growth on
education, technology access, and long-term economic potential.
This gives the paper practical relevance and societal insight.
4. **Optimistic Perspective** Framing the growth of the
middle class as a driver of education, skill development, and
innovation is a positive, forward-looking angle that readers will
appreciate.
5. **References and Credibility** You include multiple
sources and properly cite them, which adds credibility. Including
online sources like reports, journal articles, and government
statistics strengthens the paper.
---
##
**Areas for Improvement**
1. **Analytical Depth** The paper mostly reports data and
implications. You could enhance it by:
* Comparing Morocco vs. Algeria more analytically (e.g., why
Moroccos middle class is smaller but better documented;
impact of historical or policy differences).
* Discussing potential challenges for middle-class growth
(inflation, unemployment, regional disparities) to make the
analysis more nuanced.
2. **Figures and Visuals** A chart or table (as you
suggested) would make the comparisons visually clearer and
strengthen the papers impact.
3. **Academic Tone** Some phrases like a reason for
optimism or this is also true are slightly
informal. You could replace them with more neutral academic
phrasing, e.g., This trend indicates potential for improved
socio-economic outcomes.
4. **Citations Format** Your references are informative,
but the style could be standardized according to a formal
citation style (APA, Chicago, or MLA), which is important for
academic papers.
---
##
**Overall Assessment**
* **Content Quality:** A solid B+ to A- range. The paper is
informative, readable, and credible for a general audience or
policy-oriented analysis.
* **Academic Rigor:** Slightly lower due to reliance on informal
sources for Algeria and limited critical analysis.
* **Impact/Clarity:** Strong. The paper clearly communicates the
significance of the middle class for education and development.
**Suggested
Grade:** **A-**
With minor improvementsstrengthening Algeria data sources,
adding comparative analysis, and including visualsyou could
elevate it to a **straight A or A+**.
---
Thank you,
Amine Moulay Ramdane.
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